This book has been inspired by my involvement in advocating for and implementing better access to and re-use of public sector information (PSI) in Australia.
From 2004 I have worked closely with my sister Professor Anne Fitzgerald and Mr Neale Hooper of the Queensland Government on a project that has in more recent times been known as the Government Information Licensing Framework (GILF) project. Having been involved in the establishment of the Creative Commons (CC) Licensing project in Australia it became obvious to me that much of the confusion and frustration around copyright licensing of public sector information (PSI) could be resolved through the use of CC licences.
This realisation meshed with the long held aspirations of people to provide better and more efficient access to PSI in the areas of statistical and spatial information
A group of like-minded people emerged. Dr Peter Crossman (Assistant Under Treasurer and Government Statistician, Office of Economic and Statistical Research, Queensland Treasury), Mr Tim Barker (Assistant Government Statistician, Office of Economic and Statistical Research, Queensland Treasury and Queensland Spatial Information Office) and a team of people working with them (Dr John Cook, Jenny Bopp, Carla Simpson, Trish Santin-Dore and David Torpie) joined forces with Anne, Neale and I to make GILF a reality and a leading-edge project that has attracted worldwide attention. We were one of the first groups to connect the broader access to PSI movement with the CC movement.
Over the last three years we have been active in organising and attending conferences on PSI in order to explain our work and to learn from others. In late 2007 through the good will of Chris Corbin the coordinator of the ePSI Plus Network (a European Network funded by the European Commission) we were able to attend an important conference in Bratislava in Slovakia and then to travel to London to meet with leading people in the access to PSI area such as Carol Tullo (Director of the Office of Public Sector Information [OPSI]), Jim Wretham (Head of Information Policy, OPSI) and Michael Nicholson of Locus.
In July 2007 and then in March 2008 we organised two conferences – Summits on Access to PSI.1 Many of the papers in Volume 1 were presented at those conferences. Carol Tullo and Chris Corbin travelled from the UK to be involved in the March 2008 events and Professor Fiona Stanley (Director, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research) was instrumental in us formulating the Stanley Declaration (extracted on the back cover of Volume 1 of this book) at the July 2008 event. Terry Cutler (Cutler & Co, and CSIRO Board member) who has been an untiring supporter from the start, John Wilbanks (Science Commons), Keitha Booth of the State Services Commission in New Zealand, Paul Uhlir of the National Academies in Washington DC, Susan Linacre, Steve Matheson and Wayne Richards of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Ben Searle of the Office of Spatial Data Management (OSDM) Michael Easton (ASIBA) John Cook (Queensland Government/QUT) Emily Whitten (AGIMO), Dr
xNicholas Gruen (Lateral Economics, Chair of the Government 2.0 Taskforce) and Professor Mary O’Kane (Chief Scientist of NSW) also participated in the Summits on Access to PSI.
Since that time the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)2 Geoscience Australia (GA)3 and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM)4 have endorsed the application of Creative Commons licences to PSI. Similar examples have emerged in other countries such as Spain5 and currently the UK is considering the application of CC like licences to its PSI.6 President Obama moved on the first day of his administration to license copyright material on the www.whitehouse.gov website under a CC licence.7 How times change. This is an idea whose time has come.
During 2008 and 2009 our team led by Professor Anne Fitzgerald undertook a comprehensive Literature Review on the Policy and Principles8 relating to PSI a brief summary of which appears in this volume. In 2009 we also saw the release of an influential report by the Economic Development and Infrastructure Committee of the Victorian Parliament titled Inquiry into Improving Access to Victorian Public Sector Information and Data (2009)9 which recommends the use of CC licensing and the establishment of more sensible policy outcomes in this area. We also saw the announcement on the 22 June 2009 of the Government 2.0 Taskforce by the Australian Government (of which I was proud to be a member) and the release of its final report Engage – Getting on With Government 2.0.10
We would like to thank all of the contributors to this book, all of the people that helped to organise, presented at and attended the various conferences we convened on these topics and most importantly the community of people that have worked with us to put access to PSI on the national and international agenda. Special thanks go to Professor Anne Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper, Niall Collins, Dr Annie Connell, Baden Appleyard, Kylie Pappalardo, Cheryl Foong and Steve Gething for their help in requesting, formatting and reviewing material for this book and to Graham Vickery of the OECD who has provided guidance and a helping hand on a number of occasions.
xiNothing can be achieved without collaboration. My greatest joy in all of this has been working with committed and passionate people in government and elsewhere who have been pioneers in implementing new thoughts, policies and approaches in their own domain.
Professor Brian Fitzgerald, QUT Law Faculty
Brisbane, February 2010
1 See GILF Resources – Presentations www.gilf.gov.au/gilf-resources#presentations.
2 ABS, ‘Creative Commons Licensing’ www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/4a256353001af3ed4b2562bb00121564/8b2bdbc1d45a10b1ca25751d000d9b03?opendocument?.
4 See the testimony of Dr Minty (BOM) to the EDIC of the Victorian Parliament (8 September 2008): www.parliament.vic.gov.au/edic/inquiries/access_to_PSI/transcripts/EDIC_080908_BOM.pdf.
5 Jordi Graells, Joana Soteras and Betlem Verdejo, ‘The Use of Creative Commons Licenses in the Ministry of Justice of the Government of Catalonia’ communia-project.eu/node/111. See also Ministry of the Environment New Zealand, ‘New licence improves access to environmental data’ (2009) www.mfe.govt.nz/.
6 Power of Information Advisory Taskforce, Power of Information Advisory Taskforce Report powerofinformation.wordpress.com; ‘OPSI’s new licensing model – taking the licensing of government content to the next level’ perspectives.opsi.gov.uk/2009/06/opsis-new-licensing-model-taking-the-licensing-of-government-content-to-the-next-level.html. See further ‘Licensing and data.gov.uk Launch’ perspectives.opsi.gov.uk/2010/01/licensing-and-datagovuk-launch.html.
7 See the www.whitehouse.gov Copyright Policy www.whitehouse.gov/copyright. See also creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/12267.
8 www.aupsi.org/publications/reports.jsp.
9 www.parliament.vic.gov.au/edic/inquiries/access_to_PSI/default.htm.
10 gov2.net.au. See also the Public Sphere 2: Goverment 2.0 initiative of Senator Kate Lundy at www.katelundy.com.au/2009/05/29/public-sphere-2-open-government-policy-and-practice/.