427

INDEX

A

  1. Aboriginal languages
    1. Aboriginal English 25–26, 38, 86, 193, 365
    2. Batjamalh 23, 25–26, 30–32, 35–36, 49, 65–89, 93, 96, 105, 118, 125, 129, 135, 145–146, 149, 159, 239, 255, 260, 263, 272.
    3. See also Wadjiginy people
    4. Daly languages 23, 75
    5. Emmi 23, 26, 30, 32–33, 65–70, 76–88, 159, 165, 219, 222, 226–227, 234, 236–237, 239, 255, 268, 272.
    6. See also Emmiyangal people
    7. Marri Ammu 23, 26, 36, 38, 41, 56, 65–70, 72, 76–78, 83–89, 167, 282, 302, 318, 355–356, 359–360, 365–366, 372, 378, 381, 384, 388, 392, 407.
    8. See also Marri Ammu language group
    9. Marri Tjavin 23, 25–26, 32–33, 35–36, 38–39, 41, 56, 62, 65–70, 72, 76–78, 83–90, 165, 167, 219, 228–230, 234, 237, 247, 281–282, 297, 302, 304–305, 307–309, 313, 334, 337, 346, 355–356, 359–360, 384, 407.
    10. See also Marri Tjavin language group
    11. Mendhe 23, 26, 30, 32, 65–70, 77–90, 155, 159, 164–165, 172, 178, 193, 195, 197, 210, 215–218, 219, 221, 223, 228–230, 234, 236–237.
    12. See also Mendheyangal people
    13. Murriny Patha 23, 36–39, 66, 83, 172, 281, 329, 375, 378.
    14. See also Murriny Patha language group
  2. Ahmat, George 33, 219
  3. Alalk 239, 253, 269
  4. ‘Anadadada Bangany-nyaya’ 94, 147–150
  5. Anson Bay 30, 32, 36, 149, 213, 221, 226, 231–232
  6. Arnhem Land 23, 36, 41, 49, 234, 356

B

  1. Badjalarr (North Peron Island). See North Peron Island (Badjalarr)
  2. Banakula (Red Cliff) 118
  3. Bandak, Jimmy 26, 32, 56–57, 93, 130–131, 140, 253
  4. Bandawarra Ngalgin [place] 249, 253
  5. ‘Bandawarra-ngalgin’ [song] 214, 240, 249–252, 276–280
  6. ‘Bangany Nye-bindja-ng’ 240, 263, 276, 278
  7. ‘Bangany-nyung Ngaya’ 49, 53, 94, 101–103, 150
  8. Barakbana (South Peron Island). See South Peron Island (Barakbana)
  9. Barradjap, Tommy. See Barrtjap (Barandjak, Burrenjuck, Barradjap), Tommy
  10. Barrtjap (Barandjak, Burrenjuck, Barradjap), Tommy 26, 31, 32, 35, 38, 46, 56, 68, 92, 95, 144, 218, 240, 245, 352.
    1. See also Barrtjap’s wangga
  11. Barrtjap’s wangga 93–154
  12. Barunga (Beswick Creek, Old Beswick) 23, 40, 42, 132, 242, 245
  13. Barwick, Linda 27, 28, 66, 145, 179, 205, 218, 220
  14. Batjamalh. See Aboriginal languages: Batjamalh
  15. ‘Be Bangany-nyaya’ 94, 114–118, 150–154
  16. Belyuen (Delissaville). See also Wadjiginy people
    1. ceremonies 27–30, 35, 93, 130, 144–145, 155–156, 159, 205, 240, 262
    2. community 23, 25, 30–31, 76, 135, 219
    3. dance 27, 31, 35, 47, 93, 95, 158, 175, 179, 192, 218, 223, 237, 265, 273
    4. language 65–66, 77, 234
    5. lineages 30, 32–33, 36, 56, 132, 155, 234, 247
    6. song dreaming 32–33, 143, 147, 242, 260
    7. wangga 23, 25, 26, 29–30, 32, 34–36, 38, 42, 45, 49–50, 57, 59, 69, 93, 140, 151, 164, 218, 220, 224, 239, 242, 245, 247–248, 275, 278, 285–286, 292, 352
  17. ‘Bende Ribene’ 77, 240–241, 274, 278, 280
  18. Benmele. See Moreen, Rusty Benmele
  19. ‘Benmele’ [song] 240–241, 245, 259–260, 262, 276, 278
  20. Berrida [ancestor] 281, 332
  21. Berrida family 85, 307, 332–333
  22. Beswick Creek 33, 132, 242, 245
  23. Bickford, Boy. See Bigfoot, Roy Mardi
  24. Bigfoot, Roy Mardi 218, 261
  25. Bilbil, Ian 34, 224
  26. Bilbil, Marjorie 32, 218
  27. Birrarri, Joe Malakunda 37, 40–41
  28. body painting 25, 43, 53
  29. Brinken, Charlie Niwilhi (‘Charlie Port Keats’) 26, 41, 355–358, 364, 402428
  30. burnim-rag ceremonies 13, 25–27, 27–30, 33, 35, 38–40, 42, 100, 105, 130–131, 156, 164, 178, 223, 225, 228, 233, 237, 262, 307, 313, 329, 355–357, 378.
    1. See also funeral ceremonies
  31. Burrenjuck, Esther 135
  32. Burrenjuck family 93, 147, 152
  33. Burrenjuck, Kenny 13, 26, 32, 34–35, 66, 93–94, 102, 105, 130, 135, 144–145, 147, 156, 205, 219, 224
  34. Burrenjuck, Timothy 32, 34–35, 93
  35. Burrenjuck, Tommy. See Barrtjap (Barandjak, Burrenjuck, Barradjap), Tommy

C

  1. Central Australia 31, 356
  2. ceremonial leaders. See ritual leaders and specialists
  3. ceremonial reciprocity 29, 37–39, 281, 355
  4. Christianity, influence of 25, 39, 42, 284.
    1. See also Roman Catholic missions
  5. Chula, John 288, 302
  6. circumcision ceremonies 25, 48, 378
    1. Belyuen 29
    2. Wadeye 24, 28–29, 37, 37–39, 50–51, 212, 286, 302–303, 309, 315, 317, 328, 355, 361
  7. clapstick beating
    1. and dance phrases 49
    2. and rhythmic modes 47, 52, 58, 60
    3. Barrtjap’s wangga 135, 217
    4. conventions of 48, 59–62
    5. Lambudju’s wangga 280
    6. Manji’s wangga 231, 234, 237
    7. Ma-yawa wangga 370
    8. Muluk’s wangga 213, 215–216
    9. Walakandha wangga 293, 338, 352
  8. Cleverly, John 33, 219, 221
  9. codas, conventions of 45–46, 60–62
  10. composition. See song creation (dreaming songs)
  11. conventions of wangga 45–64
  12. corroborees 31, 33, 35, 47, 155–156, 158–159, 167, 172, 175, 192, 193, 209, 218, 233, 240
    1. corroborees for tourists 30–31, 33–35, 47, 93, 155–156, 159, 165, 172, 174, 227
  13. country, attachment and ties to 29–30, 36–38, 39, 77, 83, 118, 120, 135, 141, 149, 152, 155, 159, 174, 226, 242–247, 249, 260, 267, 279–280, 282, 289, 303, 309, 317, 323, 326, 359, 378.
    1. See also Dreaming sites (kigatiya)
  14. Cox Peninsula 30–31, 35, 77, 93, 135, 152, 155–156, 221, 243, 260.
    1. See also Belyuen (Delissaville); Larrakiya people
  15. Crocombe, Mark 24, 28, 41, 50–51, 281, 288, 302–303, 355, 357, 361

D

  1. Daly region 23, 25, 30, 33, 36–39, 49, 56, 93, 223, 226, 242
  2. dance. See also number four leg; women: women’s dance
    1. and clapstick beating 48
    2. artistic representations of 250, 356, 402
    3. Barrtjap’s wangga 96
    4. circumcision ceremonies 37
    5. conventions of 23, 25, 36–38, 45, 49, 82, 219
    6. Lambudju’s wangga 249–252, 263–265
    7. Mandji’s wangga 223, 225, 227
    8. Ma-yawa wangga 366
    9. Muluk’s wangga 155–156, 158–163, 165, 192
    10. performed during ceremonies 27, 30, 35, 47, 50–51
    11. rhythmic modes 49, 54, 212
    12. Walakandha wangga 281–282, 311
  3. Darwin eisteddfod 33, 156, 159, 164
  4. Darwin region 23, 30–31, 33–34, 36, 40, 65–66, 77, 93, 155–157, 159, 164, 219, 221, 226–227, 357
  5. death 26–27, 29, 39, 165, 172, 240, 259, 281, 309, 318, 321–322, 331, 332, 378.
    1. See also burnim-rag ceremonies; funeral ceremonies
  6. Delissaville. See Belyuen (Delissaville)
  7. ‘Dhembedi-ndjen’ 283, 302, 320–321, 353
  8. didjeridu 24–26, 30–31, 35, 41, 45, 48–49, 52–55, 96, 100, 105, 132, 149, 152–153, 178, 213–216, 218, 224, 236, 263, 274, 278, 280, 289, 302, 310, 324, 349, 355–356, 362, 365–372, 378, 393
    1. kanbi (didjeridu in Marri Tjavin) 355
    2. kenbi (didjeridu in Batjamalh) 25, 224, 355
  9. didjeridu mouth sounds 52, 100, 105, 132, 149
  10. dingo 356, 378–380.
    1. See also ‘Watjen-danggi’
  11. djanba genre 23, 27, 29, 33, 37–39, 41, 56, 219, 281, 329
  12. ‘Djappana’ 241, 268–269, 277
  13. Docherty, Richard (Father) 36–37
  14. Doyle, John 240
  15. Dreaming (altjira, durlk, ngirrwat) 49, 57, 90, 356, 372, 375.
    1. See also song creation (dreaming songs); totems and totemic sites429
  16. Dreaming sites (kigatiya) 49, 57, 86, 89–90.
    1. See also totems and totemic sites
    2. Barrtjap’s wangga 143, 152
    3. Ma-yawa wangga 356, 371–372, 378, 381, 384, 388, 389, 392, 407
    4. Walakandha wangga 282, 304, 336, 343
  17. Dumoo, Basil 41
  18. Dumoo, Claver 323
  19. Dumoo family 42, 57, 331
  20. Dumoo, Frank 37–38, 40–42, 51, 85, 90, 281, 285, 291, 298, 302, 323, 355, 357, 393
  21. Dumoo, John 283, 292, 302, 311, 323, 324, 350, 355
  22. Dumoo, Maudie Attaying 89, 283, 305, 325, 328, 351–352
  23. Dumoo, Terence 283, 317, 323, 350–351, 359
  24. Dumoo, Wagon 26, 40, 42, 283, 298–299, 302–303, 304–305, 321–322, 324, 326, 329, 331, 349–351
  25. ‘Duwun Crab Song’ 221, 226, 233–236, 286
  26. Duwun (Indian Island) 80, 143, 221–223, 234, 239.
    1. See also ‘Duwun’ [song]
  27. ‘Duwun’ [song] 221–223, 233–237

E

  1. Elkin, AP 29–30, 33–34, 56, 93–94, 130
  2. Ellis, Catherine 356, 407
  3. Emmiyangal people 23, 30, 32–33, 35, 65–66, 77–78, 219, 221, 226, 233–234, 239, 272
  4. Enda, Brian 266–267
  5. endangered languages 26, 65–66.
    1. See also language of wangga

F

  1. Ferguson, Colin Worumbu 26, 31–33, 35–36, 40–42, 56–57, 90, 156, 159, 164–166, 212, 219, 221, 242–243, 247, 267, 274, 276, 355, 357, 393
  2. Ferguson, Harry 32
  3. Ford, Lysbeth 26, 66, 105, 145–146, 156, 159, 218
  4. fresh water 29, 391–392.
    1. See also wudi-pumininy (spring); salt water
  5. funeral ceremonies 13, 25, 41, 309
  6. Furlan, Alberto 29, 34–35, 39, 156, 205, 219

G

  1. Garinyi, Dolly 130
  2. ghost language 27, 29, 40
  3. ghosts 29–30, 56–57, 147, 233, 248.
    1. See also song-giving ghosts
    2. ancestral 27, 49–50, 355–356
    3. cosmology and ceremony 69
    4. ghost language 93, 105, 113, 118, 149, 151, 159, 164, 178, 193, 195, 197, 206, 210, 214–217, 219, 222, 225–227, 231, 233–234, 236, 240, 276, 346, 405
    5. ngutj (ghosts in Emmi-Mendhe) 159, 178–180, 183–185, 216, 231
    6. song-giving ghosts 23, 25–27, 36, 56, 96, 100–101, 105, 108, 121, 123, 125, 135, 140, 149, 172, 178–179, 193, 222, 228, 234, 260, 263, 279, 281, 287, 309, 313, 317, 384
    7. totemic 155, 228
    8. wunymalang (ghosts in Batjamalh) 32, 68, 93, 96, 100–101, 105, 123, 141–142, 242, 255
  4. Gordon, Robert 26, 155–156, 159, 164–165
  5. Gordon, Thomas 33, 156, 164
  6. Gumbuduk, James 164

H

  1. Hairy Cheeky Yam Dreaming (tjiwilirr) 90, 398–399, 401–402.
    1. See also ‘Wulumen Tulh’
  2. Hairy Cheeky Yam Dreaming (Wilha) 143, 152.
    1. See also ‘Yagarra Delhi Nye-bindja-ng Barra Ngarrka’
  3. ‘Happy (lerri) Song No. 1’ 221, 223–225, 234–237
  4. ‘Happy (lerri) Song No. 2’ 221, 225–226, 233–237
  5. ‘Happy (lerri) Song No. 3’ 221, 226, 235, 237–238
  6. ‘Happy (lerri) Song No. 4’ 221, 233, 235–238
  7. ‘Happy (lerri) Song No. 5’ 221, 233–235
  8. ‘Happy (lerri) Song No. 6’ 221, 233, 235
  9. happy (lerri) songs 118, 120, 125, 129, 136, 138, 151, 153, 157, 206, 233.
    1. See also ‘Lerri’
  10. Haritos, Adrienne 239, 275
  11. Havelock, Jimmy 95, 140
  12. Headache Dreaming (Pumut) 88, 281–282, 331–332.
    1. See also ‘Karra Yeri-ngina’
  13. health 30, 37
  14. Hoddinott, Bill 292 430

I

  1. imitation 56, 164
  2. Indian Island. See Duwun (Indian Island)
  3. instrumental introductions, conventions of 45, 52–53
  4. instrumental sections, conventions of 25–26, 45–46, 49, 52, 54–55, 58, 60–62

J

  1. Jongmin, Bob Wak 66
  2. Jorrock, Alice 159
  3. Jorrock, Henry 179, 218
  4. Jorrock, Nicky 280
  5. Junglefowl Dreaming (Malhimanyirr) 90, 381–382, 384

K

  1. Kanamgek. See Rainbow Serpent Dreaming (Kanamgek, Kunmanggurr)
  2. ‘Kanga Rinyala Nga-ve Bangany-nyung’ 69, 94, 105–107, 150, 213
  3. kapuk. See burnim-rag ceremonies; See ritual washing (kapuk)
  4. karra. See vocables (untranslatable)
  5. ‘Karra’ 283, 306, 322, 347, 350
  6. ‘Karra Balhak Malvak’ 240–241, 253–255, 267, 272, 277–279
  7. ‘Karra Balhak-ve’ 241, 269–271, 277, 278, 280
  8. ‘Karra Bangany-nyaya Nga-p-pindja’ 93
  9. ‘Karra Mele Ngany-endheni-nö’ 221, 228–231, 234–238
  10. ‘Karra Ngadja-maka Nga-bindja-ng Ngami’ 94, 121–122, 153
  11. ‘Karra-ve Kanya-verver’ 240–241, 255–258, 276–280
  12. ‘Karra Yeri-ngina’ 91, 281, 283, 347, 350–351.
    1. See also Headache Dreaming (Pumut)
  13. Karri-ngindji [Ma-yawa Dreaming site] 356, 366, 378, 384, 389
  14. ‘Karri-ngindji’ [song] 358, 388–392, 405–407
  15. Katherine region 31, 33–34, 36
  16. Kenbi Dancers 31, 35, 93
  17. kigatiya. See Dreaming sites (kigatiya)
  18. Kimberley region 23, 33, 36, 38, 157
  19. King, George 31, 33
  20. Kinyirr [Dreaming site] 282
  21. ‘Kinyirr’ [song] 85, 283, 335–336, 347
  22. Kiyuk people 23, 32
  23. Kofod, Frances 40, 284–285, 302, 318
  24. Kriol 66, 77
  25. Kubuwemi [place] 282, 317, 329–331, 362
  26. ‘Kubuwemi’ [song] 85, 213, 283, 298, 302–304, 326–327, 349–350, 351
  27. Kundjil family 57
  28. Kundjil, Les 24, 26, 32, 34, 40–42, 219–221, 242, 272, 274–275, 281–284, 298–299, 302, 305, 309–310, 315, 324, 326–329, 350–352, 353–354, 361
  29. Kungiung, Charles 26, 28, 40–42, 356–357
  30. Kungiung family 57, 284
  31. Kungiung, Martin Warrigal 26, 28, 283, 302, 310, 311, 313, 320, 324, 350, 361–362
  32. Kungiung, Maurice Ngulkur Warrigal 281
  33. Kungiung, Ned Narjic 351
  34. Kungiung, Thomas 26, 40, 42, 282–285, 292–295, 297–298, 300, 302, 307, 309, 315, 317, 319, 324, 350–354, 359
  35. Kunmanggurr. See Rainbow Serpent Dreaming (Kanamgek, Kunmanggurr)
  36. Kununurra 23, 33, 34, 40, 219, 357
  37. Kuy 23

L

  1. Lambudju (Bobby Lane). See Lane, Bobby Lambudju
  2. Lambudju, Jack 239
  3. Lambudju’s wangga 239–280
  4. ‘Lame Fella’ 49, 61–62, 157, 192–197, 211–214, 217, 236
  5. land claims 31–32, 140
  6. Lane, Bobby Lambudju 26, 32, 35, 218, 238, 242, 244, 248, 266, 269, 275, 279.
    1. See also Lambudju’s wangga
  7. language of wangga 65–90
  8. Larrakiya people 30–33, 36, 152
  9. Laurence, Allan 47, 158, 175, 192
  10. ‘Lerri’ 206–209, 211–214, 217
  11. lerri songs. See happy (lerri) songs
  12. Lhambumen [place] 282, 326
  13. ‘Lhambumen’ [song] 85, 213, 283, 326–328, 347, 350–351, 353
  14. ‘Lima Rak-pe’ 240–241, 270–271, 276, 278
  15. ‘Limila Karrawala’ 240–241, 275, 278, 280
  16. liminality 27, 39, 56, 100, 272, 388
  17. Lippo, Agnes 27
  18. Lippo, Audrey 260, 278
  19. Lippo, Tommy 95, 218
  20. lirrga genre 23, 27, 29, 36–39, 41, 48, 56, 65, 89, 212, 281
  21. Lyons, Tommy Imabulk 31 431

M

  1. Maddock, Ken 33
  2. Malak Malak people 23
  3. Malakunda. See Birrarri, Joe Malakunda
  4. malh. See ritual cries (mahl)
  5. Malhimanyirr. See Junglefowl Dreaming (Malhimanyirr)
  6. ‘Malhimanyirr No. 1’ 407
  7. ‘Malhimanyirr No. 2’ 357
  8. ‘Malhimanyirr’ [song] 55, 90, 358, 381–384, 404–405, 426
  9. Malvak, Aguk 239, 253, 269, 278
  10. Manbi, George 95
  11. Mandji, Billy. See also Mandji’s wangga
    1. lineage 26, 32, 218, 247, 279
    2. repertory and performances 35, 45, 49, 56, 69, 156, 159, 164, 213, 216, 221–222, 233–235, 237, 253, 286, 413–415
    3. song dreaming 195
    4. transmission of songs 218, 224–226
  12. Mandji’s wangga 219–237
  13. Mandorah 31, 34–35, 66, 93, 155–156, 159, 164, 172, 218, 223, 225, 227, 240, 247–248, 261, 418
  14. Man.guna, Robert 219, 221, 233–235, 237–238.
    1. See also ‘Robert Man.guna’s Song’
  15. Manpurr, Mosek 32–33, 95
  16. Maralung, Alan 23
  17. Marett, Allan 43, 50, 52–53, 218, 220, 248, 265, 267, 273, 327–328, 327–329, 331, 343, 357, 389, 396, 398
  18. Marranunggu people 23, 77–78, 83
  19. Marri Ammu language group
    1. ceremonies and performances 38–39, 83, 282, 302, 365, 378
    2. country 23, 56–57, 65, 77, 83, 318, 356, 366, 372, 381, 384, 388, 392
    3. dance 83, 282
    4. Dreaming and Dreaming sites 56–57, 356, 366, 384, 388, 392, 407–408
    5. history 66
    6. language 26, 36, 41, 65–70, 72, 77–78, 83–88
    7. lineages 355
    8. song-giving ghosts 23, 355, 384
    9. songmen 26, 41, 69, 355
    10. wangga 38, 57, 69, 76, 83, 85, 167, 318, 359–360
  20. Marri Dan language group 23
  21. Marri Ngarr language group 23, 36, 38–39, 65–66, 77–78, 83, 89, 281, 302, 305
  22. Marrithiyel language group 23, 40, 77, 83
  23. Marri Tjavin language group
    1. ceremonies and performances 38, 41, 219, 282
    2. country 23, 39, 65, 66, 83, 234, 282, 307
    3. dance 62, 282, 302
    4. Dreaming and Dreaming sites 304, 337, 355
    5. history 66
    6. language 25–26, 33, 35–36, 38, 65, 67–70, 72, 77–78, 83–90, 165, 219, 228, 234, 247, 297, 305, 313, 346, 360
    7. lineage 247, 281, 356
    8. song-giving ghosts 23, 384
    9. songmen 25–26, 32, 41, 83, 281, 355
    10. wangga 26, 32, 56, 76, 83, 167, 234, 237, 281, 309–310, 334, 359–360, 407
  24. maruy 36, 255.
    1. See also meri-men.gu; sweat
  25. Matige langauge group 23, 38–39, 302, 343
  26. ‘Ma-vindivindi’ 358, 384–388, 405, 407
  27. Ma-yawa (Old Man) Dreaming 318, 362, 365–371, 398–403
  28. Ma-yawa wangga 355–408
  29. Melpi, Leo 15, 24
  30. Melville Island 147
  31. Mendhe 77–83
  32. Mendheyangal people 23, 30, 32–33, 65–66, 69, 77–78, 83, 155, 226
  33. Menggani (Butterfly Dreaming) 90, 371.
    1. See also ‘Menggani’ [song]
  34. ‘Menggani’ [song] 371–372, 404–405, 407
  35. meri-men.gu 36.
    1. See also sweat
  36. metre 49, 54, 65
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 100, 151–153
    2. Mandji’s wangga 236
    3. Muluk’s wangga 213
  37. Mica Beach 35, 47, 49, 79–80, 93, 155–163, 174–175, 192, 195
  38. Mileru, Philip 33, 219
  39. Milik Beach 135
  40. Miller, Gretchen 50, 224, 265, 273
  41. ‘Mirrwana’ 57, 283, 313–316, 318, 347, 350–351
  42. missions. See Roman Catholic missions
  43. modality (melodic) 56–58, 67–68, 73–75, 79, 81–82, 86, 88–89
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 152
    2. Lambudju’s wangga 277–278
    3. Mandji’s wangga 237
    4. Ma-yawa wangga 407–408
    5. Muluk’s wangga 214
    6. Walakandha wangga 349–351
  44. Moreen, Ginger 95432
  45. Moreen, Rusty Benmele 26, 33, 239–243, 245, 247, 259, 269–270, 275–279
  46. Mosek. See Manpurr, Mosek
  47. Moyle, Alice 32–33, 52, 81, 92, 94, 155–157, 159, 164–166, 172, 174, 178, 193, 209, 218, 221–223, 225–227, 231, 233, 242, 244, 257, 261, 269–270
  48. Moyle River 83, 282, 331, 334–335
  49. Moyle, Tommy 288
  50. ‘Mubagandi’ 25, 35, 56, 77, 241, 271–273, 274, 278, 280
  51. Mullumbuk family 42
  52. Mullumbuk, Marlip Philip 24, 26, 40, 42, 46, 85–86, 88–89, 237, 281, 283–284, 328
  53. Mullumbuk, Stan 26, 40, 42, 45, 57, 85, 91, 214, 281–282, 282–291
  54. Muluk, Jimmy
    1. ceremonies and performances 31, 33, 35, 38, 46, 155–156, 159, 164, 167, 218, 227, 352
    2. country 155, 174
    3. dance 253, 286
    4. family 175
    5. song creation 46, 57, 66, 209–211, 214–215, 236–237, 238, 286, 292, 294, 338, 346, 348
    6. song transmission 156, 159, 165–166, 205, 219, 247
  55. Muluk’s wangga 26, 32–33, 35, 45, 49, 69, 155–218, 212, 352, 406
  56. Munggulu, George 95, 130
  57. Munggum 281, 307–308, 332
  58. Munggumurri 85, 281, 332–333
  59. Mun.gi, Nym 239, 245, 255
  60. Murgenella 140
  61. Murriny Patha language group
    1. ceremonies 36
    2. ceremonies and performances 38–39, 329
    3. country 38–39
    4. Dreaming and Dreaming sites 172, 375
    5. history 38
    6. language 36–37, 66, 83, 378
    7. wangga 23, 38, 281
  62. musical analysis
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 149–153
    2. Lambudju’s wangga 276–280
    3. Mandji’s wangga 233–238
    4. Ma-yawa wangga 404–408
    5. Muluk’s wangga 209–218
    6. Walakandha wangga 346
  63. musical traditions 26.
    1. See also conventions of wangga
  64. mythology. See Dreaming (altjira, durlk, ngirrwat); See Dreaming sites (kigatiya)

N

  1. Nadirri [place] 29, 83, 85, 282, 286, 305, 307, 331, 336.
    1. See also Kubuwemi [place]
  2. ‘Nadirri’ [song] 40, 283, 302, 306, 309–310, 322, 347, 350
  3. Nama, Alan 218
  4. Na-Pebel [place] 395–396
  5. ‘Na-Pebel’ [song] 356–358, 395–399, 404–405, 407
  6. ‘Naya Rradja Bangany Nye-ve’ 93–94, 129–135, 150, 153
  7. Nemarluk, Edward 288, 302
  8. ‘Nga-ngat-pat-pa Mangalimba’ 94, 144–147
  9. Ngan’gikurunggurr people 23
  10. Ngan’gityemerri language group 41
  11. ‘Ngaya Lima Bangany-nyaya’ 93–94
  12. Ngenawurda, Honorata 85, 323
  13. Ngen’giwumirri language group 23
  14. ‘Nginimb-andja’ 281–282, 289–292
  15. ngirrwat. See Dreaming (altjira, durlk, ngirrwat)
  16. Ngulkur, Maurice Tjakurl
    1. ceremonies and performances 28, 52, 53–57, 62, 302, 361, 366, 370, 372, 375
    2. country and Dreamings 378, 381–382, 392, 395, 398
    3. dance 62, 281, 302
    4. song creation 26, 41, 46, 57, 91, 317, 359–360, 362, 405–408
    5. song transmission 355
    6. wangga 40, 45, 49, 356–362
  17. Ngumali 85, 282, 334–335
  18. Ngunbe, Gemma 292
  19. Ngurndul family. See Kundjil family
  20. ngutj. See ghosts: ngutj (ghosts in Emmi-Mendhe)
  21. Ninnal, Cyril 41
  22. Niwilhi. See Brinken, Charlie Niwilhi (‘Charlie Port Keats’)
  23. northern Australia and Northern Territory 25–26, 30–31, 35–36, 42, 45, 93, 155–157, 205, 219, 226, 253, 355, 357, 381
  24. North Peron Island (Badjalarr) 54, 72, 77, 205, 240–245, 247–248, 253–257, 260, 269–270, 275–280.
    1. See also Peron Islands; ‘Rak Badjalarr’ [song]
  25. number four leg 86, 178–180, 183–185, 228, 253, 286–287, 315, 384–388433
  26. ‘Nyala Nga-ve Bangany’ 93, 94
  27. ‘Nyere-nye Bangany Nyaye’ 94, 120–121, 150–151, 153, 270
  28. ‘Nyere-nyere Lima Kaldja’ 94, 118–119, 149–151

O

  1. Old Man Dreaming. See Ma-yawa (Old Man) Dreaming
  2. ‘Old Man Tulh’ [song]. See ‘Wulumen Tulh’
  3. orthography 37, 70–71
  4. oysters 72, 243–244, 246–247, 260

P

  1. painting 356, 364, 402
  2. painting up. See body painting
  3. pastoral industry 33
  4. Pelhi [place] 85, 282, 311–312.
    1. See also ‘Yenmilhi No. 1’
  5. Peppimenarti 40, 42–43, 53, 223, 237, 310, 311, 355, 357, 362, 366
  6. performance conventions 45–63
  7. Peron Islands 65, 261.
    1. See also North Peron Island (Badjalarr); South Peron Island (Barakbana)
  8. Perrederr 65, 83, 282, 331
  9. Piarlum, Ambrose 28, 40–41, 51, 54–55, 284–285, 291, 302, 336, 343, 361
  10. ‘Piyamen.ga’ 46, 55, 62, 157, 178–192, 197, 210–217, 228, 237, 348, 352
  11. Point Charles 30, 66
  12. Port Keats. See Wadeye
  13. Pott, Brucie 95
  14. Prince of Wales (son of George King) 31, 95
  15. ‘Puliki’ 47, 49, 55–56, 62, 79, 157–165, 167
  16. ‘Pumandjin’ 157, 174–177, 210–212, 214, 223
  17. Pumurriyi [place] 282, 318, 372, 399
  18. ‘Pumurriyi’ [song] 85, 283, 302, 318, 321, 346, 350
  19. Pumut (Headache Dreaming). See Headache Dreaming (Pumut)

R

  1. Rainbow Serpent Dreaming (Kanamgek, Kunmanggurr) 375
  2. Rak Badjalarr [CD] 205, 242, 248, 269
  3. ‘Rak Badjalarr’ [song] 54, 72, 240–248, 270, 275–280.
    1. See also Peron Islands
  4. Rankin, Douglas 241, 257
  5. Rankin, Nipper 95
  6. reciprocity. See ceremonial reciprocity
  7. recordings 23, 25–26, 32–36, 40–41, 45, 56
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 93–94, 102, 108, 129, 152
    2. Lambudju’s wangga 239, 241, 248–249
    3. Mandji’s wangga 219
    4. Ma-yawa wangga 355, 357–358
    5. Muluk’s wangga 155–157, 205, 221, 237
    6. Walakandha wangga 282, 284–285, 292, 300, 302–303, 325, 338, 348
  8. Red Cliff. See Banakula (Red Cliff)
  9. Reilly, Lesley 284, 286
  10. repertories of wangga. See wangga repertories
  11. repetition and truncation of text 53, 108, 153, 216, 223, 259, 263, 346, 365
  12. rhyme 76, 114
  13. rhythmic modes
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 150–152
    2. conventions of 26, 45–49, 58–60
    3. Lambudju’s wangga 276–277
    4. Mandji’s wangga 234–237
    5. Ma-yawa wangga 405–407
    6. Muluk’s wangga 210–214
    7. Walakandha wangga 347–350
  14. ritual cries (mahl)
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 96, 135
    2. Lambudju’s wangga 247, 274
    3. Mandji’s wangga 233
  15. ritual leaders and specialists 37, 41, 46, 93, 281, 324
  16. ritual washing (kapuk) 13, 27–30, 100, 105, 130, 262
  17. ‘Robert Man.guna’s Song’ 221, 233, 235, 237–238.
    1. See also Man.guna, Robert
  18. Roman Catholic missions 36–38, 66
  19. ‘Rtadi-thawara’ 61–62, 157, 197–205, 210–214, 217
  20. Rtadi-wunbirri [place] 343–345, 356
  21. ‘Rtadi-wunbirri’ [song] 85, 358, 365–371, 406–408
  22. Rtidim 282, 315

S

  1. salt water 29, 87, 356, 388, 391–392.
    1. See also wudi-pumininy (spring); fresh water
  2. Sea Breeze Dreaming. See Tjerri
  3. Simpson, Colin 29, 262
  4. Singh, Johnny 156
  5. smoke, purification by 25, 27
  6. social change and wangga 23, 29–43, 135.
    1. See also endangered languages434
  7. social relationships. See ceremonial reciprocity
  8. song creation (dreaming songs) 23, 25, 27, 32, 36, 68, 83.
    1. See also song-giving ghosts; transmission of wangga
    2. Barrtjap’s wangga 93, 96, 105, 108, 121, 147, 149
    3. Lambudju’s wangga 255, 260, 263, 272
    4. Mandji’s wangga 222, 234, 237
    5. Ma-yawa wangga 281
    6. Walakandha wangga 285–286, 317, 323–324, 328, 331, 343
  9. ‘Song from Anson Bay’ 221, 231–232, 234–236, 238
  10. song-giving ghosts. See ghosts: song-giving ghosts
  11. songmen (medjakarr, ngalinangga) 23, 25–26, 29, 31–32, 34–35, 40–42, 46–47, 52, 56, 63, 65–66, 68–69, 75–76, 80, 83, 88, 90
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 93, 96, 100–102, 125, 135, 149, 153
    2. Lambudju’s wangga 242–243, 253, 261, 267
    3. Mandji’s wangga 221, 233–234, 237, 239
    4. Ma-yawa wangga 355
    5. Muluk’s wangga 155, 178, 193, 205, 219
    6. Walakandha wangga 285, 286, 292, 302, 324
  12. songs, inherited 25, 26–27, 32, 35, 57, 93, 219, 221, 226, 234, 239, 242–243, 253, 278, 355.
    1. See also transmission of wangga
  13. song structure
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 149
    2. Mandji’s wangga 233
    3. Ma-yawa wangga 404
    4. Muluk’s wangga 209
    5. Walakandha wangga 346
  14. songs with hidden meanings 135–136, 155–156, 159, 165, 172, 193, 197, 242, 259, 261–262, 266–267, 270–271, 281, 305, 307, 356, 392
  15. song texts 49, 55, 65–92
  16. sorcery 259, 262
  17. southern Daly region 32–33
  18. South Peron Island (Barakbana) 135, 249.
    1. See also Peron Islands
  19. spelling. See orthography
  20. spirit language. See ghost language
  21. Stanner, WEH 29, 36–40, 375
  22. Strehlow, TGH 375
  23. sweat 26, 56.
    1. See also meri-men.gu; maruy

T

  1. taboos 27
  2. Talc Head 34, 93, 174
  3. teaching songs. See transmission of wangga
  4. tempo 26, 47–49, 52, 54–55, 58–60, 62
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 100, 106, 132, 138, 151–152
    2. Lambudju’s wangga 276, 279–280
    3. Mandji’s wangga 223, 225, 233, 235–236, 238
    4. Ma-yawa wangga 378, 405
    5. Muluk’s wangga 195, 212–214, 216
    6. Walakandha wangga 293, 347–349, 352–353
  5. terminating patterns 45
  6. text structure
    1. Barrtjap’s wangga 149
    2. Mandji’s wangga 234
    3. Ma-yawa wangga 346
    4. Muluk’s wangga 209–210
    5. Walakandha wangga 276
  7. Thalhi-ngatjpirr (Fish Dreaming site) 392–394
  8. ‘Thalhi-ngatjpirr’ [song] 357–358, 392–394, 404–405, 407
  9. Thardim, Raphael 310
  10. ‘Thidha nany’ 283, 302, 319–320, 347, 350
  11. Tiwi Islands 143
  12. ‘Tjagawala’ 281, 283, 298, 302, 321–322, 347, 350, 353
  13. ‘Tjendabalhatj’ 241, 262, 277, 278, 280
  14. ‘Tjerrendet’ 240–241, 261, 276–278, 277
  15. Tjerri (Sea Breeze Dreaming) 49, 372–377
  16. ‘Tjerri’ [song] 45, 356, 358, 372–378, 405–407
  17. ‘Tjinbarambara’ 57, 157, 164–167, 209, 211–212
  18. Tjindi 366, 371, 388, 392, 395
  19. ‘Tjinmel’ 336
  20. tjiwilirr. See Hairy Cheeky Yam Dreaming (tjiwilirr)
  21. Tjulatji 239, 253, 269
  22. totems and totemic sites 27, 29, 39, 56–57, 80, 85, 155, 165, 167, 195, 197, 228, 281, 337–338, 356, 381–384.
    1. See also Dreaming (altjira, durlk, ngirrwat); Dreaming sites (kigatiya)
  23. tourist coroborees. See corroborees: corroborees for tourists
  24. trade songs 36, 38
  25. transcriptions 40–41, 52, 54, 68, 70–71, 106, 111, 129, 143, 152, 226, 231, 233
  26. transmission of wangga 25, 31–32, 35–36, 42, 57, 86.
    1. See also song-giving ghosts; songs, inherited
    2. Barrtjap’s wangga 93, 129–130435
    3. Lambudju’s wangga 243, 248, 255, 267, 269, 272, 277–278
    4. Mandji’s wangga 220, 239
    5. Ma-yawa wangga 355, 357
    6. Muluk’s wangga 164, 220
  27. Treloyn, Sally 34–35, 40–41, 242, 248, 356–357, 393
  28. truncation of text. See repetition and truncation of text
  29. ‘Truwu’ [A/B melody] 57, 283, 309, 332, 350–352
  30. ‘Truwu’ [A melody] 57, 283, 307–308, 332, 350–352
  31. Truwu beach 282, 286, 307, 315–316, 319
  32. ‘Truwu’ [B melody] 57, 283, 302, 309–310, 332, 350–352
  33. Tulh. See ‘Wulumen Tulh’
  34. Two Fella Creek 260

V

  1. vocables 25, 41, 54, 68–69, 71, 76.
    1. See also ghost language
    2. Barrtjap’s wangga 100, 105, 114, 129, 135, 138, 144, 149, 151
    3. Lambudju’s wangga 239–240, 244, 272, 276, 279
    4. Mandji’s wangga 219, 223, 225–226, 228, 231, 233–234, 236, 238
    5. Muluk’s wangga 197, 205–206, 209–210
    6. Walakandha wangga 286–287, 297
  2. vocal sections, conventions of 25–26, 45–47, 55
  3. vocal timbre. See voice quality vocatives 89, 306
  4. voice quality 56, 63, 164, 236

W

  1. Wadeye 23, 27, 34, 69, 219, 266, 292, 305, 317, 318, 323, 359, 361, 364, 375, 398, 402
    1. ceremonies 24, 28–29, 36–37, 39, 41, 43, 50–51, 53, 56, 212, 214, 237, 281, 286, 288, 309, 311, 315, 355–357, 361–362.
    2. See also ceremonial reciprocity
    3. country 38, 83, 234, 247, 284, 389, 396
    4. history 36–40
    5. language 65–66, 83
    6. songmen 26, 38, 56, 220, 272, 327, 343
    7. wangga 25–26, 27, 29, 32, 33, 39–43, 45, 59, 155, 247, 281–282, 302–303, 327–329, 331, 343, 352, 357, 378.
    8. See also Ma-yawa wangga; Walakandha wangga
  2. Wadeye Aboriginal Language Centre 302
  3. Wadeye Aboriginal Sound Archive 219, 302, 323
  4. Wadjiginy people. See also Belyuen (Delissaville)
    1. country 30, 32, 66, 77, 140–141, 152, 242–243, 253, 255
    2. language 23, 26, 65, 77
    3. songmen 31–33, 69, 76, 93, 193, 219
    4. wangga 33, 36, 239
  5. ‘Wak’ 57, 157, 167–172, 210–212, 214
  6. Wak, Bob. See Jongmin, Bob Wak
  7. Walakandha ancestors 281–282, 300, 307, 326, 332
  8. Walakandha ceremonies 281–286, 293, 303, 306, 309, 311, 313, 315, 317, 320, 324, 328–329, 334
  9. ‘Walakandha Ngindji’ 356–360, 405–407
  10. ‘Walakandha No. 1’ 283, 302, 306, 310
  11. ‘Walakandha No. 2’ 283, 317
  12. ‘Walakandha No. 3’ 283
  13. ‘Walakandha No. 4’ 283, 307
  14. ‘Walakandha No. 5’ 283, 353
  15. ‘Walakandha No. 6’ 282, 286–287, 287, 289, 352
  16. ‘Walakandha No. 7’ 282, 291–293, 295
  17. ‘Walakandha No. 8’ 282–283, 286, 292–294, 302, 348
  18. ‘Walakandha No. 8a’ 283, 285–286, 293–294, 352
  19. ‘Walakandha No. 8b’ 283, 294–295, 352
  20. ‘Walakandha No. 9’ 292, 295, 348
  21. ‘Walakandha No. 9a’ 283, 295–297, 298, 348–349, 352
  22. ‘Walakandha No. 9b’ 283, 296–297, 352
  23. Walakandha wangga 281–318
  24. ‘Walingave’ 241, 266–267, 277–278
  25. Walsh, Michael 284, 348
  26. wangga conventions. See conventions of wangga
  27. wangga, history of 29–43
  28. wangga repertories. See Barrtjap’s wangga; See Lambudju’s wangga; See Mandji’s wangga; See Ma-yawa wangga; See Muluk’s wangga
  29. Warrigal. See Kungiung, Martin Warrigal
  30. ‘Watjen-danggi’ 356, 358, 378–381, 395, 405–406, 407
  31. ‘Wedjiwurang’ 46, 85–86, 89, 91, 284, 337–344, 348
  32. Wilha. See Hairy Cheeky Yam Dreaming (Wilha)
  33. ‘Winmedje’ 74, 241, 260, 277, 278, 280436
  34. women
    1. society of 378
    2. song creation and transmission 25, 89, 305
    3. women’s dance 49–50, 75, 174–175, 178, 223, 249, 263, 265, 356
  35. Woodie, David 95
  36. Woodie, Harold 95
  37. Woodie, Maggie 130
  38. Woody, Jacky 218
  39. ‘Wörörö’ 157, 172–174, 209, 211–212, 214, 294
  40. Worumbu, Colin. See Ferguson, Colin Worumbu
  41. wudi-pumininy (spring) 90–91, 343, 356, 388, 391
  42. ‘Wulumen Kimi-gimi’ 358, 365–366, 404–405, 407
  43. ‘Wulumen Tulh’ 318, 356–357, 398–404
  44. wunymalang (ghosts in Batjamalh). See ghosts: wunymalang (ghosts in Batjamalh)
  45. Wurrpen, Lawrence 33–34, 93–94, 132, 153, 241, 243, 245, 248, 276, 278–280
  46. Wutjelli (ancestor) 281, 287–288, 300–301, 315–316
  47. ‘Wutjelli No. 1’ [song] 283, 315–316, 347, 350, 353
  48. ‘Wutjelli No. 2’ [song] 282, 287–288, 315, 347–348, 350

Y

  1. ‘Ya Bangany-nyung Nga-bindja Yagarra’ 94, 96–100, 150–152
  2. ‘Yagarra Bangany Nye-ngwe’ 94, 113–114, 150
  3. ‘Yagarra Delhi Nya-ngadja-barra-ngarrka’ 75, 94, 142–144, 150, 152–153, 213
  4. ‘Yagarra Delhi Nye-bindja-ng Barra Ngarrka’ 151
  5. ‘Yagarra Nedja Tjine Rak-pe’ 94, 135–137, 140, 149–151, 270
  6. ‘Ya[garra] Nga-bindja-ng Nga-mi’ 75, 94, 108–112, 114, 149–152
  7. ‘Yagarra Nga-bindja-ng Nga-mi Ngayi’ 94, 100–101, 140, 150–151
  8. ‘Yagarra Tjine Rak-pe’ 94, 141–142, 150–151
  9. ‘Yagarra Tjüt Balk-nga-me Nga-mi’ 75, 94, 100, 140–141, 150–151
  10. ‘Yagarra Ye-yenenaya’ 94, 125–129, 151
  11. ‘Ya Rembe Ngaya Lima Ngaya’ 94, 138–140, 150, 153
  12. Yarrowin, Roger (Rossie) 25–26, 31–32, 34–35, 56–57, 77, 108, 115, 241–242, 268, 272–274, 277, 280
  13. Yederr 23, 326, 343
  14. Yendili Hill 83, 87, 282, 304–305, 323–324, 326, 332–334
  15. ‘Yendili No. 1’ 213, 283, 298, 302–305, 326
  16. ‘Yendili No. 2’ 89, 283, 305–306
  17. ‘Yendili No. 3’ 283, 298, 305, 325–326
  18. ‘Yendili No. 4’ 283, 298, 305, 328–329
  19. ‘Yendili No. 5’ 85–86, 281, 283, 323–325
  20. ‘Yendili No. 6’ 283, 292, 295, 297–300, 352
  21. ‘Yene yene’ 284, 348
  22. Yenmilhi Hill 83, 282, 311–312
  23. ‘Yenmilhi No. 1’ 281–282, 311–312, 347, 349–350, 405
  24. ‘Yenmilhi No. 2’ 283, 292, 300–302, 347–348, 350, 352–353
  25. Yenmungirini (Headache Dreaming site) 85, 88, 282, 331–332
  26. ‘Yerre Ka-bindja-maka Ka-mi’ 94, 123–125, 150

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