LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Map of northwestern Australia.

Figure 1.2 Philip Mullumbuk and Les Kundjil sing wangga at Wadeye, early 1990s.

Figure 1.3 Dancers at a Belyuen kapuk.

Figure 1.4 Ritual washing by mourners.

Figure 1.5 Circumcision ceremony at Wadeye, 1988.

Figure 1.6 ‘Corroboree group’ at Mandorah, 1968.

Figure 1.7 Charles Kungiung and Les Kundjil singing wangga at the funeral for Cyril Ninnal, Wadeye, 1999.

Figure 1.8 Wangga dancers painting up at Peppimenarti, 1998.

Figure 2.1 Summary of musical and textual structure of ‘Tjerri’.

Figure 2.2 Unknown dance at the tourist corroboree, Mica Beach, September 1972.

Figure 2.3 Men and boys at Belyuen dancing at the launch of Allan Marett’s book Songs, dreamings and ghosts, Belyuen, 2006.

Figure 2.4 A line of women dancing wangga at a circumcision ceremony in Wadeye, 1988.

Figure 2.5 Frank Dumoo dancing wangga at a Wadeye circumcision ceremony.

Figure 2.6 Ambrose Piarlum dancing wangga at a Wadeye circumcision ceremony, 1992.

Figure 2.7 Musical transcription of ‘Tjerri’.

Figure 2.8 Maurice Ngulkur performing Ma-yawa wangga at Peppimenarti, 7 October 1998.

Figure 3.1 Lysbeth Ford and Kenny Burrenjuck working on Jimmy Muluk song texts, Mandorah, 1997.

Figure 4.1 Portrait of Tommy Barrtjap (Burrenjuck).

Figure 4.2 Tommy Barrtjap (seated) singing for a group of dancers at Belyuen, 1952.

Figure 4.3 Tommy Barrtjap standing and singing.

Figure 4.4 Jimmy Bandak singing at a burnim-rag ceremony at Bagot, 1953.

Figure 4.5 Kenny Burrenjuck singing for the launch of Lysbeth Ford’s Batjamalh dictionary, Belyuen, 1997.

Figure 5.1 Jimmy Muluk performing for tourists at Mica Beach, early 1970s.

Figure 5.2 Jimmy Muluk playing with Johnny Singh’s band at Mica Beach, early 1970s.

Figure 5.3 Buffalo dance at the tourist corroboree, Mica Beach, September 1972.

Figure 5.4 The ‘Buffalo’ chases a dancer up a tree at the tourist corroboree, Mica Beach, September 1972.

Figure 5.5 Numbali, dancing at the tourist corroboree, Mica Beach, September 1972.

Figure 5.6 Henry Jorrock performing a standing version of the number four leg pose, Belyuen, 1997.

Figure 5.7 This picture from a tourist corroboree, Mica Beach, September 1972, may show the dance for ‘Lame Fella’.

Figure 6.1 Tourist corroboree group at Mandorah, 1968.

Figure 6.2 Billy Mandji’s daughter, Marjorie Bilbil, helps Allan Marett and Lysbeth Ford to write down texts of Billy Mandji songs, Mandorah, 1997.

Figure 6.3 Les Kundjil (pictured here in Wadeye, 1999).

Figure 6.4 Colin Worumbu, son of Billy Mandji, teaches Allan Marett to sing one of his songs, at AIATSIS conference, Canberra, 2001.

Figure 6.5 Billy Mandji’s grandson Ian Bilbil plays kenbi (didjeridu) for Kenny Burrenjuck at Belyuen, 2006.

Figure 7.1 Bobby Lambudju Lane at Indian Island, 1989.

Figure 7.2 Tourist corroboree performers at Mandorah, 1987.

Figure 7.3 Colin Worumbu singing ‘Rak Badjalarr’ at Mandorah, 1997.

Figure 7.4 Women at Belyuen, including Lambudju’s daughters, dancing at the launch of Allan Marett’s book, Belyuen, 2006.

Figure 7.5 Roger Yarrowin leads the dancing at Belyuen to celebrate the 2006 launch of Allan Marett’s book Songs, dreamings and ghosts.

Figure 7.6 Bobby Lane and Benmele Rusty Benmele Moreen singing wangga at Belyuen in 1979.

Figure 8.1 Large group of Walakandha wangga dancers including Les Kundjil, Maurice Ngulkur Warrigal Kungiung and Philip Mullumbuk.

Figure 8.2 Edward Nemarluk, Tommy Moyle and John Chula dancing, Wadeye, 1988.

Figure 8.3 Some of the main contributors to the ‘golden age’ of the Walakanda wangga.

Figure 8.4 Wagon Dumoo, composer of ‘Kubuwemi’, sings at a circumcision ceremony in Wadeye in 1988.

Figure 8.5 Philip Mullumbuk, Les Kundjil and Colin Worumbu sing Walakandha wangga for a circumcision ceremony at Wadeye, 1997.

Figure 8.6 Charles Kungiung, Wadeye, 1999.

Figure 8.7 Les Kundjil singing Walakandha wangga for Allan Marett, Wadeye, 1998.

Figure 8.8 Philip Mullumbuk singing his wangga for Allan Marett, Wadeye, 1999.

Figure 8.9 Ambrose Piarlum singing ‘Tjinmel’ for Allan Marett, Wadeye, 1998.

Figure 9.1 The originator of the Ma-yawa wangga repertory, Charlie Niwilhi Brinken at Wadeye, 1988.

Figure 9.2 A bark painting by Charlie Niwilhi Brinken, showing Ma-yawa dancing in ceremony.

Figure 9.3 Maurice Tjakurl Ngulkur taking a break from performing wangga for Allan Marett, Wadeye, 1999.

Figure 9.4 Maurice Tjakurl Ngulkur dances to the Walakandha wangga at a circumcision ceremony in Wadeye in 1988.

Figure 9.5 A bark painting by Charlie Niwilhi Brinken, depicting a Ma-yawa ancestor.

Figure 9.6 The cliffs at Karri-ngindji.

Figure 9.7 Maurice Ngulkur points out Na-Pebel to Allan Marett, 1999.

Figure 9.8 Maurice Ngulkur shows Allan Marett a dilly bag, pebel.

Figure 9.9 A bark painting by Charlie Niwilhi Brinken.